father of...

Dănăus, i, m., Danaos, son of Belus, and twin-brother of Aegyptus: he was the father of fifty daughters; he emigrated from Egypt into Greece, and there founded Argos;

was slain by Lynceus, after a reign of fifty years,

Hyg. Fab. 168; 170; Serv. Verg. A. 10, 497; Cic. Parad. 6, 1, 44; cf. under no. II. B.—Danai porticus, at Rome, dedicated by Augustus to the Palatine Apollo (726 A. U. C.), famed for its statues of Danaus and his daughters, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 4; cf. Prop. 2, 31, 4 (3, 29, 4 M.); Tibul. 1, 3, 79; Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 60.—

Derivv.

Dănăus, a, um, adj. ( belonging to Danaus; hence, in the poets, meton.), Greek, Grecian:

classes,

Ov. M. 13, 92; cf.

rates,

Prop. 3, 22, 34 (4, 22, 34 M.):

flammae,

Ov. M. 14, 467:

ignis,

id. Her. 8, 14:

miles,

id. ib. 24:

manus,

id. R. Am. 66:

res,

id. M. 13, 59. Esp. freq.,

Subst. plur.: Dănăi, ōrum, m., the Danai, for the Greeks (esp. freq. of the Greeks before Troy), Cic. Tusc. 4, 23, 52; id. Fin. 2, 6, 18; Prop. 3, 8, 31 (4, 7, 31 M.); Verg. A. 2, 5 et saep.— Gen. plur.:

Danaum,

Lucr. 1, 87; Prop. 2, 26, 38 (3, 22, 18 M.); 3, 9, 40 (4, 8, 40 M.); Verg. A. 1, 30 et saep.—

Dănăĭdes, um, f., Danaïdes, the daughters of Danaus, the Danaides, who, with the exception of Hypermnestra, murdered their husbands at their father's command, Hyg. Fab. 170; 255; Sen. Herc. Fur. 757. The classical poets substitute Danai proles, Tib. 1, 3, 79; cf. Prop. 2, 31, 4 (3, 29, 4 M.):

Danai puellae,

Hor. Od. 3, 11, 23:

Danai genus infame,

id. ib. 2, 14, 18.—

Dănăĭdae, ārum, m., Danaïdai = Danai (v. no. II. A.), the Greeks, Sen. Troad. 611.

Daunus, i, m., Daunos, a fabulous king over a part of Apulia (whence it obtained the appellation Daunia), father (or ancestor) of Turnus, and father-in-law of Diomedes, Verg. A. 10, 616; 688; 12, 22 al.; Hor. Od. 3, 30, 11; 4, 14, 26; Ov. M. 14, 458; 510; id. F. 4, 76; Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103; Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 1 Müll.—

Hence,

Dau-nĭus, a, um, adj., Daunian:

heros,

i. e. Turnus, Verg. A. 12, 723:

gens,

i. e. the Rutulians governed by Turnus, id. ib. 8, 146:

dea,

i. e. Juturna, sister of Turnus, id. ib. 12, 785:

caedes,

i. e. of the Romans (pars pro toto), Hor. Od. 2, 1, 34; cf.

Camena,

i. e. Roman, id. ib. 4, 6, 27:

bulbus (an excellent kind growing in Apulia),

Ov. R. Am. 797; cf. Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 95.—

Subst.: Daunii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Apulia Daunia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103;

called also Dauni,

Mel. 2, 4, 2.—

Daunĭăcus a, um, adj., Daunian, for Apulian:

campi,

Sil. 12, 429.—

Dau-nĭas, ădis, f., the province Daunia, poet. for Apulia:

militaris,

Hor. Od. 1, 22, 14.

Daunus, i, m., Daunos, a fabulous king over a part of Apulia (whence it obtained the appellation Daunia), father (or ancestor) of Turnus, and father-in-law of Diomedes, Verg. A. 10, 616; 688; 12, 22 al.; Hor. Od. 3, 30, 11; 4, 14, 26; Ov. M. 14, 458; 510; id. F. 4, 76; Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103; Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 1 Müll.—

Hence,

Dau-nĭus, a, um, adj., Daunian:

heros,

i. e. Turnus, Verg. A. 12, 723:

gens,

i. e. the Rutulians governed by Turnus, id. ib. 8, 146:

dea,

i. e. Juturna, sister of Turnus, id. ib. 12, 785:

caedes,

i. e. of the Romans (pars pro toto), Hor. Od. 2, 1, 34; cf.

Camena,

i. e. Roman, id. ib. 4, 6, 27:

bulbus (an excellent kind growing in Apulia),

Ov. R. Am. 797; cf. Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 95.—

Subst.: Daunii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Apulia Daunia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103;

called also Dauni,

Mel. 2, 4, 2.—

Daunĭăcus a, um, adj., Daunian, for Apulian:

campi,

Sil. 12, 429.—

Dau-nĭas, ădis, f., the province Daunia, poet. for Apulia:

militaris,

Hor. Od. 1, 22, 14.

Daunus, i, m., Daunos, a fabulous king over a part of Apulia (whence it obtained the appellation Daunia), father (or ancestor) of Turnus, and father-in-law of Diomedes, Verg. A. 10, 616; 688; 12, 22 al.; Hor. Od. 3, 30, 11; 4, 14, 26; Ov. M. 14, 458; 510; id. F. 4, 76; Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103; Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 1 Müll.—

Hence,

Dau-nĭus, a, um, adj., Daunian:

heros,

i. e. Turnus, Verg. A. 12, 723:

gens,

i. e. the Rutulians governed by Turnus, id. ib. 8, 146:

dea,

i. e. Juturna, sister of Turnus, id. ib. 12, 785:

caedes,

i. e. of the Romans (pars pro toto), Hor. Od. 2, 1, 34; cf.

Camena,

i. e. Roman, id. ib. 4, 6, 27:

bulbus (an excellent kind growing in Apulia),

Ov. R. Am. 797; cf. Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 95.—

Subst.: Daunii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Apulia Daunia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103;

called also Dauni,

Mel. 2, 4, 2.—

Daunĭăcus a, um, adj., Daunian, for Apulian:

campi,

Sil. 12, 429.—

Dau-nĭas, ădis, f., the province Daunia, poet. for Apulia:

militaris,

Hor. Od. 1, 22, 14.

Daunus, i, m., Daunos, a fabulous king over a part of Apulia (whence it obtained the appellation Daunia), father (or ancestor) of Turnus, and father-in-law of Diomedes, Verg. A. 10, 616; 688; 12, 22 al.; Hor. Od. 3, 30, 11; 4, 14, 26; Ov. M. 14, 458; 510; id. F. 4, 76; Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103; Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 1 Müll.—

Hence,

Dau-nĭus, a, um, adj., Daunian:

heros,

i. e. Turnus, Verg. A. 12, 723:

gens,

i. e. the Rutulians governed by Turnus, id. ib. 8, 146:

dea,

i. e. Juturna, sister of Turnus, id. ib. 12, 785:

caedes,

i. e. of the Romans (pars pro toto), Hor. Od. 2, 1, 34; cf.

Camena,

i. e. Roman, id. ib. 4, 6, 27:

bulbus (an excellent kind growing in Apulia),

Ov. R. Am. 797; cf. Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 95.—

Subst.: Daunii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Apulia Daunia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103;

called also Dauni,

Mel. 2, 4, 2.—

Daunĭăcus a, um, adj., Daunian, for Apulian:

campi,

Sil. 12, 429.—

Dau-nĭas, ădis, f., the province Daunia, poet. for Apulia:

militaris,

Hor. Od. 1, 22, 14.

Daunus, i, m., Daunos, a fabulous king over a part of Apulia (whence it obtained the appellation Daunia), father (or ancestor) of Turnus, and father-in-law of Diomedes, Verg. A. 10, 616; 688; 12, 22 al.; Hor. Od. 3, 30, 11; 4, 14, 26; Ov. M. 14, 458; 510; id. F. 4, 76; Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103; Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 1 Müll.—

Hence,

Dau-nĭus, a, um, adj., Daunian:

heros,

i. e. Turnus, Verg. A. 12, 723:

gens,

i. e. the Rutulians governed by Turnus, id. ib. 8, 146:

dea,

i. e. Juturna, sister of Turnus, id. ib. 12, 785:

caedes,

i. e. of the Romans (pars pro toto), Hor. Od. 2, 1, 34; cf.

Camena,

i. e. Roman, id. ib. 4, 6, 27:

bulbus (an excellent kind growing in Apulia),

Ov. R. Am. 797; cf. Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 95.—

Subst.: Daunii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Apulia Daunia, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 103;

called also Dauni,

Mel. 2, 4, 2.—

Daunĭăcus a, um, adj., Daunian, for Apulian:

campi,

Sil. 12, 429.—

Dau-nĭas, ădis, f., the province Daunia, poet. for Apulia:

militaris,

Hor. Od. 1, 22, 14.

Dēmărātus, i, m., Dêmaratos.

A Corinthian, the father of Tarquinius Priscus, Cic. Rep. 2, 19; id. Tusc. 5, 37 fin.; Liv. 1, 34.—

A Spartan king, colleague of Cleomenes, Just. 2, 10, 13; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 2.—

Father of Pythagoras, Just. 20, 43.

ingĕnŭus, a, um, adj. [ingeno, ingigno].

Native, indigenous, not foreign.

Lit.:

fontes,

Lucr. 1, 230:

tophus,

produced in the country, Juv. 3, 20.—

Transf., inborn, innate, natural:

inest in hoc amussitata sua sibi ingenua indoles,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 38:

color,

natural color, Prop. 1, 4, 13. —

Free-born, born of free parents.

In gen.: ingenuus homo meant formerly one born of a certain or known father, who can cite his father:

en unquam fando audistis patricios primo esse factos, non de caelo demissos, sed qui patrem ciere possent, id est nihil ultra quam ingenuos,

Liv. 10, 8, 10:

ingenui clarique parentes,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 91; 1, 6, 8.—Esp., subst.: ingĕnŭus, i, m., and ingĕnŭa, ae, f., a free-born man or woman: ingenui sunt qui liberi nati sunt;

libertini, qui ex justa servitute manumissi sunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 11:

tutela liberantur ingenuae, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 194;

but this word differs from liber, inasmuch as the latter signifies also a freedman,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 15:

ingenuamne an libertinam,

id. ib. 3, 1, 189:

omnis ingenuorum adest multitudo,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15: Patricios Cincius ait appellari solitos, qui nunc ingenui vocentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 241 Müll.: libertinos ab ingenuis adoptari posse, Masur. ap. Gell. 5, 19, 11.—

In partic.

Worthy of a freeman, noble, upright, frank, candid, ingenuous (syn. liberalis):

nihil apparet in eo ingenuum,

Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Off. 1, 42:

timiditas,

id. de Or. 2, 3:

dolor,

id. Phil. 10, 9, 18:

vita,

id. Fam. 5, 21, 3: est animi ingenui (with inf.), id. ib. 2, 6, 2:

ingenuis studiis atque artibus delectari,

id. Fin. 5, 18, 48:

(with humanae) artes,

id. de Or. 3, 6, 21:

ingenui vultus puer ingenuique pudoris,

Juv. 11, 154:

amor,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 16:

per gemitus nostros ingenuasque cruces,

and by such sufferings on the part of a freeman as belong only to slaves, Mart. 10, 82, 6:

fastidium,

Cic. Brut. 67:

aperte odisse magis ingenui est, quam, etc.,

id. Lael. 18, 65:

astuta ingenuum vulpes imitata leonem,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 186.—

Weakly, delicate, tender (free-born persons being less inured to hardships than slaves; poet.):

invalidae vires, ingenuaeque mihi,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 72:

gula,

Mart. 10, 82, 6.—Hence, adv.: ingĕnŭē, in a manner befitting a person of free or noble birth, liberally; openly, frankly, ingenuously:

educatus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 38:

aperte atque ingenue confiteri,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 2; id. Att. 13, 27, 1:

pro suis dicere,

Quint. 12, 3, 3.

ingĕnŭus, a, um, adj. [ingeno, ingigno].

Native, indigenous, not foreign.

Lit.:

fontes,

Lucr. 1, 230:

tophus,

produced in the country, Juv. 3, 20.—

Transf., inborn, innate, natural:

inest in hoc amussitata sua sibi ingenua indoles,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 38:

color,

natural color, Prop. 1, 4, 13. —

Free-born, born of free parents.

In gen.: ingenuus homo meant formerly one born of a certain or known father, who can cite his father:

en unquam fando audistis patricios primo esse factos, non de caelo demissos, sed qui patrem ciere possent, id est nihil ultra quam ingenuos,

Liv. 10, 8, 10:

ingenui clarique parentes,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 91; 1, 6, 8.—Esp., subst.: ingĕnŭus, i, m., and ingĕnŭa, ae, f., a free-born man or woman: ingenui sunt qui liberi nati sunt;

libertini, qui ex justa servitute manumissi sunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 11:

tutela liberantur ingenuae, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 194;

but this word differs from liber, inasmuch as the latter signifies also a freedman,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 15:

ingenuamne an libertinam,

id. ib. 3, 1, 189:

omnis ingenuorum adest multitudo,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15: Patricios Cincius ait appellari solitos, qui nunc ingenui vocentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 241 Müll.: libertinos ab ingenuis adoptari posse, Masur. ap. Gell. 5, 19, 11.—

In partic.

Worthy of a freeman, noble, upright, frank, candid, ingenuous (syn. liberalis):

nihil apparet in eo ingenuum,

Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Off. 1, 42:

timiditas,

id. de Or. 2, 3:

dolor,

id. Phil. 10, 9, 18:

vita,

id. Fam. 5, 21, 3: est animi ingenui (with inf.), id. ib. 2, 6, 2:

ingenuis studiis atque artibus delectari,

id. Fin. 5, 18, 48:

(with humanae) artes,

id. de Or. 3, 6, 21:

ingenui vultus puer ingenuique pudoris,

Juv. 11, 154:

amor,

Hor. C. 1, 27, 16:

per gemitus nostros ingenuasque cruces,

and by such sufferings on the part of a freeman as belong only to slaves, Mart. 10, 82, 6:

fastidium,

Cic. Brut. 67:

aperte odisse magis ingenui est, quam, etc.,

id. Lael. 18, 65:

astuta ingenuum vulpes imitata leonem,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 186.—

Weakly, delicate, tender (free-born persons being less inured to hardships than slaves; poet.):

invalidae vires, ingenuaeque mihi,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 72:

gula,

Mart. 10, 82, 6.—Hence, adv.: ingĕnŭē, in a manner befitting a person of free or noble birth, liberally; openly, frankly, ingenuously:

educatus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 38:

aperte atque ingenue confiteri,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 2; id. Att. 13, 27, 1:

pro suis dicere,

Quint. 12, 3, 3.

Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:

Ixione natus,

i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:

Ixione nati,

the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—

Derivv.

Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:

Ixionei rota orbis,

Verg. G. 4, 484:

Ixionii amici,

Lampr. Heliog. 24.—

Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566.

Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:

Ixione natus,

i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:

Ixione nati,

the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—

Derivv.

Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:

Ixionei rota orbis,

Verg. G. 4, 484:

Ixionii amici,

Lampr. Heliog. 24.—

Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566.

Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:

Ixione natus,

i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:

Ixione nati,

the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—

Derivv.

Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:

Ixionei rota orbis,

Verg. G. 4, 484:

Ixionii amici,

Lampr. Heliog. 24.—

Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566.

Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:

Ixione natus,

i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:

Ixione nati,

the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—

Derivv.

Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:

Ixionei rota orbis,

Verg. G. 4, 484:

Ixionii amici,

Lampr. Heliog. 24.—

Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566.

Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:

Ixione natus,

i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:

Ixione nati,

the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—

Derivv.

Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:

Ixionei rota orbis,

Verg. G. 4, 484:

Ixionii amici,

Lampr. Heliog. 24.—

Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566.

Mars (archaic and poet. Māvors, q. v.), Martis (collat. reduplic. form Marmar, in the Song of the Arval Brothers; v. the following, and Mamers), m. [root mar-, gleam; Sanscr. marīkis, beam of light; hence Mars, the bright god; cf.: marmor, mare], Mars, who, as father of Romulus, was the primogenitor of the Roman people, the god of war, of husbandry, of shepherds and seers. For him was named the month of Martius, March, the beginning of the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 73 sqq.:

legio Martia... ab eo deo, a quo populum Romanum generatum accepimus,

Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5:

Mars pater te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens propitius mihi, etc.,... ut tu morbos visos invisosque viduertatem vastitudinemque, calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 141, 2; cf., in the Song of the Arval Brothers, NEVE LVERVE MARMAR SINS INCVRRERE IN PLEORIS;

for Mars pater, the forms Marspiter, gen. Marspitris, or -tĕris, and Maspiter were also employed,

Gell. 5, 12, 5; Macr. S. 1, 12; 19; Varr. L. L. 8, § 33 Müll.; 9, § 75; 10, § 65; Prisc. p. 695:

Mars Gradivus, Quirinus, Silvanus, Ultor, v. under h. vv.: Mars durus,

Verg. E 10, 44:

torvus,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 17:

cruentus,

id. ib. 2, 14, 13:

ferus,

Ov. H. 7, 160; id. F. 4, 25:

ferox,

id. M. 13, 11:

bellicus,

id. F. 3, 1:

fortibus sane oculis Cassius (Martem spirare dicens) se in Siciliam non iturum,

Cic. Att. 15, 11. The Salii were destined for his service, Liv. 1, 20, 4; horses and bulls were offered to him, Paul. ex Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Ov. H. 6, 10; Macr. S. 3, 10, 4:

per Martem, a soldier's oath,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 21. He was often appealed to in oaths, etc., esp. by soldiers:

Nam neque Duellona mi umquam neque Mars creduat, ni, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 8; id. Mil. 1, 1, 11; id. Truc. 3, 1, 11.—

Transf.

War, battle, a conflict, engagement, contest, etc.; also the art of war: cum veter occubuit Priamus sub Marte Pelasgo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

Martem accendere cantu,

to incite to battle, Verg. A. 6, 165:

apertus,

fighting in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 27: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. to fight both in their own fashion (on horseback) and in one which was strange to them (on foot), Liv. 3, 62, 9:

pugna jam in manus, jam in gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat,

id. 2, 46, 3:

terribili Marte ululare,

Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 19:

captam sine Marte,

Stat. Ach. 1, 401:

quos amisimus cives, eos Martis vis perculit, non ira victoriae,

Cic. Marcell. 6, 17.— Poet.:

Mars forensis,

a contest in the forum, legal contest, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

et fora Marte suo litigiosa vacent,

id. F. 4, 188.—Hence, prov.: suo (nostro, vestro) Marte, by one's own exertions, without the assistance of others:

rex ipse suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95; id. Off. 3, 7, 34:

cum vos vestro Marte his rebus omnibus abundetis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 9.—

The issue of a war or a battle, the fortune of war:

cum omnis belli Mars communis, et cum semper incerti exitus proeliorum sint,

Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: communis adhuc Mars belli erat, Liv. 10, 28:

aequo Marte,

with equal advantage, on equal terms, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 3; 8, 19, 2; Curt. 4, 1, 8:

pari Marte,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

aequato Marte,

Liv. 1, 25:

verso Marte ( = versā fortunā),

id. 29, 3, 11:

vario Marte pugnatum est,

Quint. 8, 6, 24:

incerto Marte,

Tac. H. 4, 35:

anceps,

Liv. 7, 29, 2; 21, 1, 2:

dubius,

Vell. 2, 55, 3.—

The planet Mars: Jovis stellae proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, quae stella Martis appellatur, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53; 2, 46, 119; Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 34; 2, 15, 12, § 60; Hyg. Astr. 2, 42:

Martis sidus,

Cassiod. Var. 11, 36.—Hence,

Mar-tĭus ( Māvortĭus, v. infra), a, um, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars:

lupus,

sacred to Mars, Verg. A. 9, 566; cf.: Martius lupus, integer et intactus, gentis nos Martiae et conditoris nostri admonuit, descended from Mars (since Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus), Liv. 10, 27:

legio,

Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 6; 4, 2, 5:

miles,

Ov. M. 14, 798:

proles,

i. e. Romulus and Remus, id. F. 3, 59:

anguis,

sacred to Mars, id. M. 3, 32:

judicium,

i. e. of the Areopagus at Athens, App. M. 10, p. 718 Oud.: Campus;

v. campus: harena,

a place in the Circus where the gladiators fought, Ov. Tr. 2, 282; Mart. 2, 75, 8:

gramen,

i. e. the Field of Mars, Hor. C. 3, 7, 26: Martius mensis, the month of March, formerly the first month of the year, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13:

Martii Calendis,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 1: Idus Martiae, the Ides of March, famous as the day on which Julius Cæsar was killed, Cic. Att. 14, 4, 2; cf. 14, 20, 1 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 35, 88; id. Fam. 10, 28, 1.— In the form Mavortius ( poet.):

moenia,

i. e. Rome, Verg. A. 1, 276:

tellus,

i. e. Thrace, id. G. 4, 462:

conjux,

i. e. Venus, Val. Fl. 2, 208:

proles,

i. e. the Thebans, Ov. M. 3, 531; cf.:

seges belli (because sprung from the dragon's teeth),

Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 135.—

Transf.

Warlike, martial:

Martia Penthesilea,

Verg. A. 11, 661:

Martia saeculi voluptas,

Mart. 5, 24, 1:

Martius aeris rauci canor,

Verg. G. 4, 71:

vulnera,

id. A. 7, 182:

Thebe,

i. e. where many wars were carried on, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33.—

Of or belonging to the planet Mars:

ille fulgor rutilus, horribilisque terris, quem Martium dicitis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—As subst.: Mar-tĭus, ii, m. (sc. mensis), March, the month of March:

Mensium nomina fere aperta sunt, si a Martio, ut antiqui constituerunt, numeres, Nam primus a Marte,

Varr. L. L. 6, 4, § 33.—

Martĭālis, e, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars: Flamen, Varr L. L. 5, § 84 Müll.;

7, § 45 ib.: lupus,

sacred to Mars, Hor. C. 1, 17, 9:

ludi,

in honor of Mars, Suet. Claud. 1: Martialis collis, near the temple of Deus Fidius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.— Subst.: Martĭālis, is, m., a priest of Mars:

Martiales quidam Larini appellabantur, ministri publici Martis,

Cic. Clu. 15, 43.—

Belonging to the legio Martia; hence, Martĭāles, the soldiers of the legio Martia, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5.

Mars (archaic and poet. Māvors, q. v.), Martis (collat. reduplic. form Marmar, in the Song of the Arval Brothers; v. the following, and Mamers), m. [root mar-, gleam; Sanscr. marīkis, beam of light; hence Mars, the bright god; cf.: marmor, mare], Mars, who, as father of Romulus, was the primogenitor of the Roman people, the god of war, of husbandry, of shepherds and seers. For him was named the month of Martius, March, the beginning of the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 73 sqq.:

legio Martia... ab eo deo, a quo populum Romanum generatum accepimus,

Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5:

Mars pater te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens propitius mihi, etc.,... ut tu morbos visos invisosque viduertatem vastitudinemque, calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 141, 2; cf., in the Song of the Arval Brothers, NEVE LVERVE MARMAR SINS INCVRRERE IN PLEORIS;

for Mars pater, the forms Marspiter, gen. Marspitris, or -tĕris, and Maspiter were also employed,

Gell. 5, 12, 5; Macr. S. 1, 12; 19; Varr. L. L. 8, § 33 Müll.; 9, § 75; 10, § 65; Prisc. p. 695:

Mars Gradivus, Quirinus, Silvanus, Ultor, v. under h. vv.: Mars durus,

Verg. E 10, 44:

torvus,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 17:

cruentus,

id. ib. 2, 14, 13:

ferus,

Ov. H. 7, 160; id. F. 4, 25:

ferox,

id. M. 13, 11:

bellicus,

id. F. 3, 1:

fortibus sane oculis Cassius (Martem spirare dicens) se in Siciliam non iturum,

Cic. Att. 15, 11. The Salii were destined for his service, Liv. 1, 20, 4; horses and bulls were offered to him, Paul. ex Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Ov. H. 6, 10; Macr. S. 3, 10, 4:

per Martem, a soldier's oath,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 21. He was often appealed to in oaths, etc., esp. by soldiers:

Nam neque Duellona mi umquam neque Mars creduat, ni, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 8; id. Mil. 1, 1, 11; id. Truc. 3, 1, 11.—

Transf.

War, battle, a conflict, engagement, contest, etc.; also the art of war: cum veter occubuit Priamus sub Marte Pelasgo, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

Martem accendere cantu,

to incite to battle, Verg. A. 6, 165:

apertus,

fighting in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 27: equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, i. e. to fight both in their own fashion (on horseback) and in one which was strange to them (on foot), Liv. 3, 62, 9:

pugna jam in manus, jam in gladios, ubi Mars est atrocissimus, venerat,

id. 2, 46, 3:

terribili Marte ululare,

Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 19:

captam sine Marte,

Stat. Ach. 1, 401:

quos amisimus cives, eos Martis vis perculit, non ira victoriae,

Cic. Marcell. 6, 17.— Poet.:

Mars forensis,

a contest in the forum, legal contest, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

et fora Marte suo litigiosa vacent,

id. F. 4, 188.—Hence, prov.: suo (nostro, vestro) Marte, by one's own exertions, without the assistance of others:

rex ipse suo Marte res suas recuperavit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95; id. Off. 3, 7, 34:

cum vos vestro Marte his rebus omnibus abundetis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 9.—

The issue of a war or a battle, the fortune of war:

cum omnis belli Mars communis, et cum semper incerti exitus proeliorum sint,

Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: communis adhuc Mars belli erat, Liv. 10, 28:

aequo Marte,

with equal advantage, on equal terms, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 3; 8, 19, 2; Curt. 4, 1, 8:

pari Marte,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 19:

aequato Marte,

Liv. 1, 25:

verso Marte ( = versā fortunā),

id. 29, 3, 11:

vario Marte pugnatum est,

Quint. 8, 6, 24:

incerto Marte,

Tac. H. 4, 35:

anceps,

Liv. 7, 29, 2; 21, 1, 2:

dubius,

Vell. 2, 55, 3.—

The planet Mars: Jovis stellae proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, quae stella Martis appellatur, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53; 2, 46, 119; Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 34; 2, 15, 12, § 60; Hyg. Astr. 2, 42:

Martis sidus,

Cassiod. Var. 11, 36.—Hence,

Mar-tĭus ( Māvortĭus, v. infra), a, um, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars:

lupus,

sacred to Mars, Verg. A. 9, 566; cf.: Martius lupus, integer et intactus, gentis nos Martiae et conditoris nostri admonuit, descended from Mars (since Mars is the father of Romulus and Remus), Liv. 10, 27:

legio,

Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 6; 4, 2, 5:

miles,

Ov. M. 14, 798:

proles,

i. e. Romulus and Remus, id. F. 3, 59:

anguis,

sacred to Mars, id. M. 3, 32:

judicium,

i. e. of the Areopagus at Athens, App. M. 10, p. 718 Oud.: Campus;

v. campus: harena,

a place in the Circus where the gladiators fought, Ov. Tr. 2, 282; Mart. 2, 75, 8:

gramen,

i. e. the Field of Mars, Hor. C. 3, 7, 26: Martius mensis, the month of March, formerly the first month of the year, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 13:

Martii Calendis,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 1: Idus Martiae, the Ides of March, famous as the day on which Julius Cæsar was killed, Cic. Att. 14, 4, 2; cf. 14, 20, 1 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 35, 88; id. Fam. 10, 28, 1.— In the form Mavortius ( poet.):

moenia,

i. e. Rome, Verg. A. 1, 276:

tellus,

i. e. Thrace, id. G. 4, 462:

conjux,

i. e. Venus, Val. Fl. 2, 208:

proles,

i. e. the Thebans, Ov. M. 3, 531; cf.:

seges belli (because sprung from the dragon's teeth),

Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 135.—

Transf.

Warlike, martial:

Martia Penthesilea,

Verg. A. 11, 661:

Martia saeculi voluptas,

Mart. 5, 24, 1:

Martius aeris rauci canor,

Verg. G. 4, 71:

vulnera,

id. A. 7, 182:

Thebe,

i. e. where many wars were carried on, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33.—

Of or belonging to the planet Mars:

ille fulgor rutilus, horribilisque terris, quem Martium dicitis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—As subst.: Mar-tĭus, ii, m. (sc. mensis), March, the month of March:

Mensium nomina fere aperta sunt, si a Martio, ut antiqui constituerunt, numeres, Nam primus a Marte,

Varr. L. L. 6, 4, § 33.—

Martĭālis, e, adj.

Of or belonging to Mars: Flamen, Varr L. L. 5, § 84 Müll.;

7, § 45 ib.: lupus,

sacred to Mars, Hor. C. 1, 17, 9:

ludi,

in honor of Mars, Suet. Claud. 1: Martialis collis, near the temple of Deus Fidius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.— Subst.: Martĭālis, is, m., a priest of Mars:

Martiales quidam Larini appellabantur, ministri publici Martis,

Cic. Clu. 15, 43.—

Belonging to the legio Martia; hence, Martĭāles, the soldiers of the legio Martia, Cic. Phil. 4, 2, 5.

Nĕocles, is and i, m., = Neoklês.

The father of Themistocles, Nep. Them. 1, 1 sq.—Hence,

Nĕōclīdes, ae, m., the descendant of Neocles, i. e. Themistocles, Ov. P. 1, 3, 69.—

The father of Epicurus, Cic. N. D. 1, 26, 72.—

A painter, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 146.

Nĕocles, is and i, m., = Neoklês.

The father of Themistocles, Nep. Them. 1, 1 sq.—Hence,

Nĕōclīdes, ae, m., the descendant of Neocles, i. e. Themistocles, Ov. P. 1, 3, 69.—

The father of Epicurus, Cic. N. D. 1, 26, 72.—

A painter, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 146.

nīsus, a, um, Part., from nitor.

nīsus, ūs, m. [nitor], a pressing or resting upon or against, a pressure; a striving, exertion, labor, effort (mostly poet.; nixus in good prose, v. h. v.): pedetentim et sedato nisu, a tread, step, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:

pinnarum nisus inanis,

a flight, Lucr. 6, 834; so,

insolitos docuere nisus,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 8:

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 852:

stat gravis Entellus nisuque immotus eodem, etc.,

in the same posture, id. ib. 5, 437: hunc stirps Oceani maturis nisibus Aethra Edidit, pains, throes, labor of parturition (v. 2. nixus), Ov. F. 5, 171.—In prose:

tamquam nisus evomentis adjuvaret,

retchings, Tac. A. 12, 67:

uti prospectus nisusque per saxa facilius foret,

Sall. J. 94, 1 Dietsch:

quae dubia nisu videbantur,

id. ib. 94, 2 Dietsch:

non pervenit nisu sed impetu,

Quint. 8, 4, 9; 1, 12, 10.

Nīsus, i, m., = Nisos

A king of Megara, father of Scylla, who, in order to gain the love of Minos, cut off her father's purple hair, on which the safety of his kingdom depended, whereupon Nisus was changed into a sparrow-hawk, and Scylla into the bird ciris, Verg. G. 1, 404 sq.; Ov. M. 8, 8 sqq.; v. Scylla.—

Hence,

Nī-saeus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Nisus, Nisæan:

et vos Nisaei, naufraga monstra, canes,

i. e. Scylla, the daughter of Phorcus, Ov. F. 4, 500; cf. id. A. A. 1, 331.—

Nīsēis, ĭdis, f., the daughter of Nisus, Scylla (q. v.), confounded with the daughter of Phorcus:

praeterita cautus Niseide navita gaudet,

Ov. R. Am. 737.—

Nī-sēĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Nisus, Nisæan: per mare caeruleum trahitur Niseia virgo, Verg. Cir. 390; Ov. M. 8, 35.—

Nīsĭas, ădis, f., Nisæan, i. e. Megarian: Nisiades matres Nisiadesque nurus, of Megaris, in Sicily (a colony of Megara, in Greece), Ov. H. 15, 54.—

Son of Hyrtacus and friend of Euryalus, Verg. A. 5, 294; 9, 176 sq.

nīsus, a, um, Part., from nitor.

nīsus, ūs, m. [nitor], a pressing or resting upon or against, a pressure; a striving, exertion, labor, effort (mostly poet.; nixus in good prose, v. h. v.): pedetentim et sedato nisu, a tread, step, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:

pinnarum nisus inanis,

a flight, Lucr. 6, 834; so,

insolitos docuere nisus,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 8:

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 852:

stat gravis Entellus nisuque immotus eodem, etc.,

in the same posture, id. ib. 5, 437: hunc stirps Oceani maturis nisibus Aethra Edidit, pains, throes, labor of parturition (v. 2. nixus), Ov. F. 5, 171.—In prose:

tamquam nisus evomentis adjuvaret,

retchings, Tac. A. 12, 67:

uti prospectus nisusque per saxa facilius foret,

Sall. J. 94, 1 Dietsch:

quae dubia nisu videbantur,

id. ib. 94, 2 Dietsch:

non pervenit nisu sed impetu,

Quint. 8, 4, 9; 1, 12, 10.

Nīsus, i, m., = Nisos

A king of Megara, father of Scylla, who, in order to gain the love of Minos, cut off her father's purple hair, on which the safety of his kingdom depended, whereupon Nisus was changed into a sparrow-hawk, and Scylla into the bird ciris, Verg. G. 1, 404 sq.; Ov. M. 8, 8 sqq.; v. Scylla.—

Hence,

Nī-saeus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Nisus, Nisæan:

et vos Nisaei, naufraga monstra, canes,

i. e. Scylla, the daughter of Phorcus, Ov. F. 4, 500; cf. id. A. A. 1, 331.—

Nīsēis, ĭdis, f., the daughter of Nisus, Scylla (q. v.), confounded with the daughter of Phorcus:

praeterita cautus Niseide navita gaudet,

Ov. R. Am. 737.—

Nī-sēĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Nisus, Nisæan: per mare caeruleum trahitur Niseia virgo, Verg. Cir. 390; Ov. M. 8, 35.—

Nīsĭas, ădis, f., Nisæan, i. e. Megarian: Nisiades matres Nisiadesque nurus, of Megaris, in Sicily (a colony of Megara, in Greece), Ov. H. 15, 54.—

Son of Hyrtacus and friend of Euryalus, Verg. A. 5, 294; 9, 176 sq.